Spelling in the Torah - Maleh and Hasser

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1. Nusach Ha-mikra – Accuracy of the Biblical Text

   Part 2 - The Text of the Tanakh during the Period of Chazal

   Rabbi Amnon Bazak

   From various sources it can be concluded that during the time of Chazal the version of the Tanakh was for the most part fixed and uniform, but in some instances there arose questions of textual variants, and where such details as plene (Maleh) or defective (Hasser) spelling were concerned there was a lack of clarity, which became more pronounced during the period of the Amoraim.

2. Nusach Ha-mikra – Accuracy of the Biblical Text

   Part 3 - The Version of Chazal and the Masora Version

   Rabbi Amnon Bazak

   The Masoretes lived between the 8^th and 10^th centuries, and sought to establish a uniform version of the text that would be accepted, from that point onwards, in all Jewish communities.The Masora text was preserved with great accuracy and meticulousness by means of various devices.

   In general, the Masora version of the text continues the version used by Chazal, nevertheless, it should be noted that in dozens of instances the Masora version differs from the text used by Chazal, and sometimes these differences are substantial. A clear awareness of the many discrepancies between the Masoretic version of Tanakh and the version used and cited by Chazal existed amongst authorities and commentators through the ages.